The operating system session lock mechanism, when activated on a device with a display screen, must place a publicly viewable pattern onto the associated display, hiding what was previously visible on the screen.
A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the system but does not log out because of the temporary nature of the absence.
The session lock will also include an obfuscation of the display screen to prevent other users from reading what was previously displayed.
How this relates to the STIG checklist: STIG vs SCAP benchmark.