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Objective ID
Severity
Discussion
V-242575
high
The agent may pass information about the endpoint to the Cisco ISE, which may be sensitive. Using older unauthorized versions or incorrectly configuring protocol negotiation makes the gateway vulnerable to known and unknown attacks that exploit vulnerabilities in this protocol.
V-242576
high
Successful authentication must not automatically give an entity access to an asset or security boundary. The lack of authorization-based access control could result in the unauthorized network access.
Configuration policy sets with specific authorization policies. Policies consist of rules, where each rule consists of conditions to be met that allow differential access based on grouping of device types by common attributes.
ISE requires each authorization policy to have at a minimum one condition. The default authorization policy is the only policy in which there is not a requirement for a condition, nor is it possible to assign a condition to the default authorization policy.
Configuration policy sets with specific authorization policies. Policies consist of rules, where each rule consists of conditions to be met that allow differential access based on grouping of device types by common attributes.
ISE requires each authorization policy to have at a minimum one condition. The default authorization policy is the only policy in which there is not a requirement for a condition, nor is it possible to assign a condition to the default authorization policy.
V-242577
high
It is possible for endpoints to be manually added to an incorrect endpoint identity group. The endpoint policy can be dynamically set through profiling. If the endpoint group is statically set but the endpoint policy is set to dynamic, then it is possible to identify endpoints that may receive unintended access.
V-242578
high
Automated policy assessments must reflect the organization's current security policy so entry control decisions will happen only where remote endpoints meet the organization's security requirements. If the remote endpoints are allowed to connect to the organization's network without passing minimum-security controls, they become a threat to the entire network.
V-242579
high
New viruses and malware are consistently being discovered. If the host-based security software is not current then it will not be able to defend against exploits that have been previously discovered.
V-242580
high
Automated policy assessments must reflect the organization's current security policy so entry control decisions will happen only where remote endpoints meet the organization's security requirements. If the remote endpoints are allowed to connect to the organization's network without passing minimum-security controls, they become a threat to the entire network.
V-242581
medium
Automated and manual procedures for remediation for critical security updates will be managed differently. Continuing to assess and remediate endpoints with risks that could endanger the network could impact network usage for all users. This isolation prevents traffic from flowing with traffic from endpoints that have been fully assessed and authorized.
Unauthenticated devices must not be allowed to connect to remediation services.
Unauthenticated devices must not be allowed to connect to remediation services.
V-242582
low
Notification will let the user know that installation is in progress and may take a while. This notice may deter the user from disconnecting and retrying the connection before the remediation is completed. Premature disconnections may increase network demand and frustrate the user.
Note: This policy does not require remediation to be performed by the Cisco ISE, but will apply if remediation services are used.
Note: This policy does not require remediation to be performed by the Cisco ISE, but will apply if remediation services are used.
V-242583
medium
Connections that bypass established security controls should be only in cases of administrative need. These procedures and use cases must be approved by the Information System Security Manager (ISSM).
V-242584
medium
Trusted computing should require authentication and authorization of both the user's identity and the identity of the computing device. An authorized user may be accessing the network remotely from a computer that does not meet DoD standards. This may compromise user information, particularly before or after a VPN tunnel is established.
V-242585
medium
Failing the NAC assessment means that an unauthorized machine has attempted to access the secure network. Without generating log records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident, or identify those responsible for one.
V-242586
medium
Since the Cisco ISE devices and servers should have no legitimate reason for communicating with other devices outside of the assessment solution, any direct communication with unrelated hosts would be suspect traffic.
V-242587
medium
Devices not compliant with DoD secure configuration policies are vulnerable to attack. Allowing these systems to connect presents a danger to the enclave.
This requirement gives the option to configure for automated remediation and/or manual remediation. Detailed record must be passed to the remediation server for action. Alternatively, the details can be passed in a notice to the user for action. The device status will be updated on the network access server/authentication server so that further access attempts are denied. The Cisco ISE should have policy assessment mechanisms with granular control to distinguish between access restrictions based on the criticality of the software or setting failure.
Configure reminders to be sent to the user and the SA periodically or at a minimum, each time a policy assessment is performed. This can be done via the Cisco ISE or any notification system.
The failure must also be used to update the HBSS agent.
This requirement gives the option to configure for automated remediation and/or manual remediation. Detailed record must be passed to the remediation server for action. Alternatively, the details can be passed in a notice to the user for action. The device status will be updated on the network access server/authentication server so that further access attempts are denied. The Cisco ISE should have policy assessment mechanisms with granular control to distinguish between access restrictions based on the criticality of the software or setting failure.
Configure reminders to be sent to the user and the SA periodically or at a minimum, each time a policy assessment is performed. This can be done via the Cisco ISE or any notification system.
The failure must also be used to update the HBSS agent.
V-242588
medium
Devices, which do not meet minimum-security configuration requirements, pose a risk to the DoD network and information assets.
Endpoint devices must be disconnected or given limited access as designated by the approval authority and system owner if the device fails the authentication or security assessment. The user will be presented with a limited portal, which does not include access options for sensitive resources. Required security checks must implement DoD policy requirements.
Endpoint devices must be disconnected or given limited access as designated by the approval authority and system owner if the device fails the authentication or security assessment. The user will be presented with a limited portal, which does not include access options for sensitive resources. Required security checks must implement DoD policy requirements.
V-242589
medium
Failing the Cisco ISE assessment means that an unauthorized machine has attempted to access the secure network. Without generating log records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one.
V-242590
medium
Failing the Cisco ISE assessment means an unauthorized machine has attempted to access the secure network. Without generating log records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident, or identify those responsible for one.
Log records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Log records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
V-242591
medium
Failing the Cisco ISE assessment, means that an unauthorized machine has attempted to access the secure network. Without generating log records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident, or identify those responsible for one.
Log records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Log records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
V-242592
medium
Without the ability to centrally manage the content captured in the log records, identification, troubleshooting, and correlation of suspicious behavior would be difficult and could lead to a delayed or incomplete analysis of an ongoing attack.
The DoD requires centralized management of all network component audit record content. Since audit failure detection is required, a connection-oriented protocol must be configured for communication with the centralized events server.
This requirement does not apply to audit logs generated on behalf of the device itself (management).
The DoD requires centralized management of all network component audit record content. Since audit failure detection is required, a connection-oriented protocol must be configured for communication with the centralized events server.
This requirement does not apply to audit logs generated on behalf of the device itself (management).
V-242593
medium
Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration.
Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity.
This does not apply to audit logs generated on behalf of the device itself (management).
Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity.
This does not apply to audit logs generated on behalf of the device itself (management).
V-242594
medium
It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without an alert, security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability and system operation may be adversely affected.
Cisco ISE provides system alarms which notify the administrator when critical system condition occurs. Alarms are displayed in the Alarm dashlet. Administrators can configured the dashlet to receive notification of alarms through e-mail and/or syslog messages.
Cisco ISE provides system alarms which notify the administrator when critical system condition occurs. Alarms are displayed in the Alarm dashlet. Administrators can configured the dashlet to receive notification of alarms through e-mail and/or syslog messages.
V-242595
medium
Without an alert, security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability and system operation may be adversely affected.
Alerts provide organizations with urgent messages. Alerts provide these messages immediately (i.e., the time from event detection to alert occurs in seconds or less).
This does not apply to audit logs generated on behalf of the device itself (management).
Alerts provide organizations with urgent messages. Alerts provide these messages immediately (i.e., the time from event detection to alert occurs in seconds or less).
This does not apply to audit logs generated on behalf of the device itself (management).
V-242596
medium
It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without this notification, the security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability and system operation may be adversely affected.
Audit processing failures include software/hardware errors, failures in the audit capturing mechanisms, and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded.
Audit processing failures include software/hardware errors, failures in the audit capturing mechanisms, and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded.
V-242597
medium
It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without this notification, the security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability and system operation may be adversely affected.
Audit processing failures include software/hardware errors, failures in the audit capturing mechanisms, and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded.
This requirement applies to each audit data storage repository (i.e., distinct information system component where log records are stored), the centralized audit storage capacity of organizations (i.e., all audit data storage repositories combined), or both.
Audit processing failures include software/hardware errors, failures in the audit capturing mechanisms, and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded.
This requirement applies to each audit data storage repository (i.e., distinct information system component where log records are stored), the centralized audit storage capacity of organizations (i.e., all audit data storage repositories combined), or both.
V-242598
medium
It is critical that when the network element is at risk of failing to process traffic logs as required, it takes action to mitigate the failure. Audit processing failures include software/hardware errors, failures in the audit capturing mechanisms, and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded. Responses to audit failure depend on the nature of the failure mode.
In accordance with DoD policy, the traffic log must be sent to a central audit server. When logging functions are lost, system processing cannot be shut down because NAC availability is an overriding concern given the role of the firewall in the enterprise. The system should either be configured to log events to an alternative server or queue log records locally. Upon restoration of the connection to the central log server, action should be taken to synchronize the local log data with the central audit server.
If the central audit server uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) communications instead of a connection-oriented protocol such as TCP, a method for detecting a lost connection must be implemented.
In accordance with DoD policy, the traffic log must be sent to a central audit server. When logging functions are lost, system processing cannot be shut down because NAC availability is an overriding concern given the role of the firewall in the enterprise. The system should either be configured to log events to an alternative server or queue log records locally. Upon restoration of the connection to the central log server, action should be taken to synchronize the local log data with the central audit server.
If the central audit server uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) communications instead of a connection-oriented protocol such as TCP, a method for detecting a lost connection must be implemented.
V-242599
medium
Continuous scanning capabilities on the Cisco ISE provide visibility of devices that are connected to the switch ports. The Cisco ISE continuously scans networks and monitors the activity of managed and unmanaged devices, which can be personally owned or rogue endpoints. Because many of today's small devices do not include agents, an agentless discovery is often combined to cover more types of equipment.
V-242600
medium
Without identifying devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Identification failure does not need to result in connection termination or preclude compliance assessment. This is particularly true for unmanaged systems or when the Cisco ISE is performing network discovery.
V-242601
medium
Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. However, failure to authenticate an endpoint does not need to result in connection termination or preclude compliance assessment. This is particularly true for unmanaged systems or when the Cisco ISE is performing network discovery.
Authentication methods for NAC on access switches are MAC Authentication Bypass (MAB), or 802.1x.
Authentication methods for NAC on access switches are MAC Authentication Bypass (MAB), or 802.1x.
V-242602
medium
MAB can be defeated by spoofing the MAC address of a valid device. MAB enables port-based access control using the MAC address of the endpoint. A MAB-enabled port can be dynamically enabled or disabled based on the MAC address of the device that connects to it.
NPE devices that can support PKI or an allowed authentication type must use PKI. MAB may be used for NPE that cannot support an approved device authentication. Non-entity endpoints include IoT devices, VOIP phone, and printer.
NPE devices that can support PKI or an allowed authentication type must use PKI. MAB may be used for NPE that cannot support an approved device authentication. Non-entity endpoints include IoT devices, VOIP phone, and printer.
V-242603
medium
If the NTP server is not authenticated, an attacker can introduce a rogue NTP server. This rogue server can then be used to send incorrect time information to network devices, which will make log timestamps inaccurate and affect scheduled actions. NTP authentication is used to prevent this tampering by authenticating the time source.
Currently, AES block cipher algorithm is approved for use in DoD for both applying cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption) and removing or verifying the protection that was previously applied (e.g., decryption). NTP devices use MD5 authentication keys. The MD5 algorithm is not specified in either the FIPS or NIST recommendation. However, MD5 is preferred to no authentication at all.
The trusted-key statement permits authenticating NTP servers. The product must be configured to support separate keys for each NTP server. Severs should have a PKI device certificate involved for use in the device authentication process.
Currently, AES block cipher algorithm is approved for use in DoD for both applying cryptographic protection (e.g., encryption) and removing or verifying the protection that was previously applied (e.g., decryption). NTP devices use MD5 authentication keys. The MD5 algorithm is not specified in either the FIPS or NIST recommendation. However, MD5 is preferred to no authentication at all.
The trusted-key statement permits authenticating NTP servers. The product must be configured to support separate keys for each NTP server. Severs should have a PKI device certificate involved for use in the device authentication process.
V-242604
medium
Bidirectional authentication provides stronger safeguards to validate the identity of other devices for connections that are of greater risk. Currently, DoD requires the use of AES for bidirectional authentication since it is the only FIPS-validated AES cipher block algorithm.
Because of the challenges of applying this requirement on a large scale, organizations are encouraged to apply the requirement only to those limited number (and type) of devices that truly need to support this capability.
Because of the challenges of applying this requirement on a large scale, organizations are encouraged to apply the requirement only to those limited number (and type) of devices that truly need to support this capability.
V-242605
high
Posture assessments can reduce the risk that clients impose on networks by restricting or preventing access of noncompliant clients. If the posture assessment is not enforced, then access of clients not complying is not restricted allowing the risk of vulnerabilities being exposed.
Though the configuration is out of scope, one of the ways to allow posturing with Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client is to enable http redirect on the network switch so that AnyConnect can connect to ISE's Client Provisioning Portal (call home). Every effort must be taken to configure this function without the need to require the command 'ip http server' on the switch (see V-220534 in the Network Infrastructure STIG). If deemed operationally necessary, the site must obtain AO approval and document the variation from V-220534, risk mitigations, and the mission need that makes the service necessary. If the service is operationally necessary to meet C2C compliance for posture assessment and a vendor-provided alternative is not available, then it is, by definition, a necessary service. Thus, V-220534 is not a finding as it states that "If a particular capability is used, then it must be documented and approved."
Though the configuration is out of scope, one of the ways to allow posturing with Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client is to enable http redirect on the network switch so that AnyConnect can connect to ISE's Client Provisioning Portal (call home). Every effort must be taken to configure this function without the need to require the command 'ip http server' on the switch (see V-220534 in the Network Infrastructure STIG). If deemed operationally necessary, the site must obtain AO approval and document the variation from V-220534, risk mitigations, and the mission need that makes the service necessary. If the service is operationally necessary to meet C2C compliance for posture assessment and a vendor-provided alternative is not available, then it is, by definition, a necessary service. Thus, V-220534 is not a finding as it states that "If a particular capability is used, then it must be documented and approved."
V-242606
high
Posture assessments can reduce the risk that clients impose on networks. The posture policy is the function that can link requirements to applicable clients. Multiple requirements can be associated with a single policy. However, multiple polices can also be applicable to the same client. The posture policy operates in such a way that all applicable policies are applied, versus the top-down first match approach.