Oracle Database 12c STIG

Oracle Database 12c Security Technical Implementation Guide

The Oracle Database 12c Security Technical Implementation Guide (V3 R5) has 136 STIG checks. New to STIG checklists? Read What is a STIG checklist?, CKL vs CKLB, and STIG vs SCAP benchmark.

Find STIG checks

136STIG checks

Search filters this STIG's checks locally. Separate terms must all match (use quotes for an exact phrase). A search you ran on the Search page carries over here.

Severity

Version

V3 · R5

CurrentPublished Wed Jul 02 2025

The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish the outcome (success or failure) of the events.

Oracle Database 12c Security Technical Implementation Guide

Assessment Title

Rule Text

The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish the outcome (success or failure) of the events.

Description

Discussion Text

Information system auditing capability is critical for accurate forensic analysis. Audit record content that may be necessary to satisfy the requirement of this control includes, but is not limited to: timestamps, source and destination IP addresses, user/process identifiers, event descriptions, application specific events, success/fail indications, file names involved, access control, or flow control rules invoked.

Success and failure indicators ascertain the outcome of a particular event. As such, they also provide a means to measure the impact of an event and help authorized personnel to determine the appropriate response. Without knowing the outcome of audit events, it is very difficult to accurately recreate the series of events during forensic analysis.

New to STIG checklists? Read What is a STIG checklist? and CKL vs CKLB.

Objective

V-220274

Rule

SV-220274r960903_rule

Severity

medium

Rule Version

O121-C2-007800

Documentable

false

IA Controls

NIST SP 800-53

Rev 5

Assessment Procedure

Check Text

Verify, using vendor and system documentation if necessary, that the DBMS is configured to use Oracle's auditing features, or that a third-party product or custom code is deployed and configured to satisfy this requirement.

If a third-party product or custom code is used, compare its current configuration with the audit requirements. If any of the requirements is not covered by the configuration, this is a finding.

The remainder of this Check is applicable specifically where Oracle auditing is in use.

If Standard Auditing is used:
To see if Oracle is configured to capture audit data, enter the following SQL*Plus command:

SHOW PARAMETER AUDIT_TRAIL

or the following SQL query:

SELECT * FROM SYS.V$PARAMETER WHERE NAME = 'audit_trail';

If Oracle returns the value 'NONE', this is a finding.

To confirm that Oracle audit is capturing sufficient information to establish outcomes, perform a successful auditable action and an auditable action that results in an SQL error, and then view the results in the SYS.AUD$ table or the audit file, whichever is in use.

If no return code or other outcome information is returned for the auditable action just performed, this is a finding.

If error is indicated for the successful action, this is a finding. If no error is indicated for the unsuccessful action, this is a finding.

If Unified Auditing is used:
To see if Oracle is configured to capture audit data, enter the following SQL*Plus command:

SELECT * FROM V$OPTION WHERE PARAMETER = 'Unified Auditing';

If Oracle returns a value something other than "TRUE", this is a finding

To confirm that Oracle audit is capturing sufficient information to establish outcomes, perform a successful auditable action and an auditable action that results in an SQL error, and then view the results in the SYS.UNIFIED_AUDIT_TRAIL view.

If no return code or other outcome information is returned for the auditable action just performed, this is a finding.

If error is indicated for the successful action, this is a finding.

If no error is indicated for the unsuccessful action, this is a finding.

Implementation Procedure

Fix Text

Configure the DBMS's auditing to audit standard and organization-defined auditable events, the audit record to include the outcome. If preferred, use a third-party or custom tool.

If using a third-party product, proceed in accordance with the product documentation. If using Oracle's capabilities, proceed as follows.

If Standard Auditing is used:
Use this process to ensure auditable events are captured:

ALTER SYSTEM SET AUDIT_TRAIL=<audit trail type> SCOPE=SPFILE;

Audit trail type can be 'OS', 'DB', 'DB,EXTENDED', 'XML' or 'XML,EXTENDED'.
After executing this statement, it may be necessary to shut down and restart the Oracle database.

If unified Auditing is used:
To ensure auditable events are captured:
Link the oracle binary with uniaud_on, and then restart the database.                                                                                                                                                                                  
Oracle Database Upgrade Guide describes how to enable unified auditing.

For more information on the configuration of auditing, refer to the following documents:
"Auditing Database Activity" in the Oracle Database 2 Day + Security Guide:
http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/TDPSG/tdpsg_auditing.htm#TDPSG50000
"Monitoring Database Activity with Auditing" in the Oracle Database Security Guide: 
http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/DBSEG/part_6.htm#CCHEHCGI
"DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT" in the Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference:
http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/ARPLS/d_audit_mgmt.htm#ARPLS241
Oracle Database Upgrade Guide:
http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/UPGRD/afterup.htm#UPGRD52810

STIG check 50 of 136 in the Oracle Database 12c STIG checklist

← Previous · V-220273The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish the sources (origins) of the events.Next · V-220275 →The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish the identity of any user/subject or process associated with the event.