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Objective ID
Severity
Discussion
V-216011
medium
Enabling the audit system will produce records with accurate time stamps, source, user, and activity information. Without this information malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
V-216014
medium
Without an audit reporting capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
V-216015
medium
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
Without accurate time stamps, source, user, and activity information, malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
Without an audit reduction and reporting capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
Without accurate time stamps, source, user, and activity information, malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
Without an audit reduction and reporting capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
V-216016
medium
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
Without accurate time stamps, source, user, and activity information, malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
Without an audit reduction and reporting capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
Without accurate time stamps, source, user, and activity information, malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
Without an audit reduction and reporting capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
V-216018
medium
Without proper system auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
V-216019
medium
Without accurate time stamps malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
V-216020
medium
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
Without accurate time stamps, source, user, and activity information, malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
Without an audit reduction and reporting capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
Without accurate time stamps, source, user, and activity information, malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
Without an audit reduction and reporting capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
V-216021
medium
Without accurate source information malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
V-216022
medium
Tracking both the successful and unsuccessful attempts aids in identifying threats to the system.
V-216023
medium
Without auditing, malicious activity cannot be detected.
V-216024
medium
Without auditing, malicious activity cannot be detected.
V-216025
medium
Without auditing, malicious activity cannot be detected.
V-216026
medium
Without auditing, malicious activity cannot be detected.
V-216027
medium
Without auditing, malicious activity cannot be detected.
V-216028
medium
Without auditing, malicious activity cannot be detected.
V-216029
medium
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
V-216030
low
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
V-216033
low
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
V-216034
low
Keeping audit records on a remote system reduces the likelihood of audit records being changed or corrupted. Duplicating and protecting the audit trail on a separate system reduces the likelihood of an individual being able to deny performing an action.
Solaris has supported rsyslog since version 11.1 and the differences between syslog and rsyslog are numerous. Solaris 11.4 installs rsyslog by default, but previous versions require a manual installation. When establishing a rsyslog server to forward to, it is important to consider the network requirements for this action. Note the following configuration options:
There are three ways to forward message: the traditional UDP transport, which is extremely lossy but standard; the plain TCP based transport, which loses messages only during certain situations but is widely available; and the RELP transport, which does not lose messages but is currently available only as part of the rsyslogd 3.15.0 and above.
Examples of each configuration:
UDP *.* @remotesystemname
TCP *.* @@remotesystemname
RELP *.* :omrelp:remotesystemname:2514
Please note that a port number was given as there is no standard port for RELP.
Solaris has supported rsyslog since version 11.1 and the differences between syslog and rsyslog are numerous. Solaris 11.4 installs rsyslog by default, but previous versions require a manual installation. When establishing a rsyslog server to forward to, it is important to consider the network requirements for this action. Note the following configuration options:
There are three ways to forward message: the traditional UDP transport, which is extremely lossy but standard; the plain TCP based transport, which loses messages only during certain situations but is widely available; and the RELP transport, which does not lose messages but is currently available only as part of the rsyslogd 3.15.0 and above.
Examples of each configuration:
UDP *.* @remotesystemname
TCP *.* @@remotesystemname
RELP *.* :omrelp:remotesystemname:2514
Please note that a port number was given as there is no standard port for RELP.
V-216035
low
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
V-216038
high
Proper alerts to system administrators and IA officials of audit failures ensure a timely response to critical system issues.
V-216041
medium
Continuing to operate a system without auditing working properly can result in undocumented access or system changes.
V-216042
medium
If audit data were to become compromised, then competent forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is difficult, if not impossible, to achieve.
To ensure the veracity of audit data, the operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized access.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000057, SRG-OS-000058, SRG-OS-000059
To ensure the veracity of audit data, the operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized access.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000057, SRG-OS-000058, SRG-OS-000059
V-216045
medium
Failure to install security updates can provide openings for attack.
V-216047
medium
Failure to maintain system configurations may result in privilege escalation.
V-216048
medium
Failure to maintain system configurations may result in privilege escalation.
V-216049
medium
Failure to maintain system configurations may result in privilege escalation.
V-216050
medium
Failure to maintain system configurations may result in privilege escalation.
V-216051
low
Finger is an insecure protocol.
V-216052
medium
Legacy remote access utilities allow remote control of a system without proper authentication.
V-216053
high
NIS is an insecure protocol.
V-216054
low
Instant messaging is an insecure protocol.
V-216055
high
FTP is an insecure protocol.
V-216056
high
TFTP is an insecure protocol.
V-216057
high
Telnet is an insecure protocol.
V-216058
low
UUCP is an insecure protocol.
V-216059
medium
The portmap and rpcbind services increase the attack surface of the system and should only be used when needed. The portmap or rpcbind services are used by a variety of services using remote procedure calls (RPCs). The organization may define and document the limited use of services (for example NFS) that may use these services with approval from their Authorizing Official.
V-216060
medium
The VNC service uses weak authentication capabilities and provides the user complete graphical system access.
V-216062
medium
Operating systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Execution must be disabled based on organization-defined specifications.
V-216064
medium
If the startup files are writable by other users, these users could modify the startup files to insert malicious commands into the startup files.
V-216065
medium
If the startup files are writable by other users, these users could modify the startup files to insert malicious commands into the startup files.
V-216066
medium
The executable search path (typically the PATH environment variable) contains a list of directories for the shell to search to find executables. If this path includes the current working directory or other relative paths, executables in these directories may be executed instead of system commands. This variable is formatted as a colon-separated list of directories. If there is an empty entry, such as a leading or trailing colon, two consecutive colons, or a single period, this is interpreted as the current working directory. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.
V-216067
medium
The library search path environment variable(s) contain a list of directories for the dynamic linker to search to find libraries. If this path includes the current working directory or other relative paths, libraries in these directories may be loaded instead of system libraries. This variable is formatted as a colon-separated list of directories. If there is an empty entry, such as a leading or trailing colon, two consecutive colons, or a single period, this is interpreted as the current working directory. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.
V-216068
medium
The library preload list environment variable contains a list of libraries for the dynamic linker to load before loading the libraries required by the binary. If this list contains paths to libraries to the current working directory that have not been authorized, unintended libraries may be preloaded. This variable is formatted as a space-separated list of libraries. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.
V-216069
medium
World writable files could be modified accidentally or maliciously to compromise system integrity.
V-216070
medium
System start-up files not owned by root could lead to system compromise by allowing malicious users or applications to modify them for unauthorized purposes. This could lead to system and network compromise.
V-216071
medium
If system start-up files do not have a group owner of root or a system group, the files may be modified by malicious users or intruders.
V-216072
medium
System start-up files executing programs owned by other than root (or another privileged user) or an application indicates the system may have been compromised.
V-216073
medium
.Xauthority files ensure the user is authorized to access the specific X Windows host. If .Xauthority files are not used, it may be possible to obtain unauthorized access to the X Windows host.
V-216074
medium
.Xauthority files ensure the user is authorized to access the specific X Windows host. Excessive permissions may permit unauthorized modification of these files, which could lead to Denial of Service to authorized access or allow unauthorized access to be obtained.
V-216075
medium
.Xauthority files ensure the user is authorized to access the specific X Windows host. Extended ACLs may permit unauthorized modification of these files, which could lead to Denial of Service to authorized access or allow unauthorized access to be obtained.
V-216076
high
Open X displays allow an attacker to capture keystrokes and to execute commands remotely. Many users have their X Server set to xhost +, permitting access to the X Server by anyone, from anywhere.
V-216077
medium
If access to the X server is not restricted, a user's X session may be compromised.
V-216078
medium
If unauthorized clients are permitted access to the X server, a user's X session may be compromised.
V-216079
medium
If unauthorized clients are permitted access to the X server, a user's X session may be compromised.
V-216080
medium
Externally accessible graphical desktop software may open the system to remote attacks.
V-216081
low
This service should be disabled if it is not required.
V-216082
low
Services that are enabled but not required by the mission may provide excessive access or additional attack vectors to penetrate the system.
V-216083
medium
TCP Wrappers are a host-based access control system that allows administrators to control who has access to various network services based on the IP address of the remote end of the connection. TCP Wrappers also provide logging information via syslog about both successful and unsuccessful connections.
V-216086
medium
Limiting the lifespan of authenticators limits the period of time an unauthorized user has access to the system while using compromised credentials and reduces the period of time available for password-guessing attacks to run against a single password.
Solaris 11.4 introduced new password security features that allow for a more granular approach to password duration parameters. The introduction of MAXDAYS, MINDAYS, and WARNDAYS allow the /etc/default/passwd configuration file to enforce a password change every 60 Days.
Solaris 11.4 introduced new password security features that allow for a more granular approach to password duration parameters. The introduction of MAXDAYS, MINDAYS, and WARNDAYS allow the /etc/default/passwd configuration file to enforce a password change every 60 Days.
V-216087
low
If temporary user accounts remain active when no longer needed or for an excessive period, these accounts may be used to gain unauthorized access. To mitigate this risk, automated termination of all temporary accounts must be set upon account creation.
Temporary accounts are established as part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts without the demand for immediacy in account activation.
If temporary accounts are used, the operating system must be configured to automatically terminate these types of accounts after a DoD-defined time period of 72 hours.
When temporary and emergency accounts are created, there is a risk the temporary account may remain in place and active after the need for the account no longer exists.
To address this, in the event temporary accounts are required, accounts designated as temporary in nature must be automatically terminated after 72 hours. Such a process and capability greatly reduces the risk of accounts being misused, hijacked, or data compromised.
Temporary accounts are established as part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts without the demand for immediacy in account activation.
If temporary accounts are used, the operating system must be configured to automatically terminate these types of accounts after a DoD-defined time period of 72 hours.
When temporary and emergency accounts are created, there is a risk the temporary account may remain in place and active after the need for the account no longer exists.
To address this, in the event temporary accounts are required, accounts designated as temporary in nature must be automatically terminated after 72 hours. Such a process and capability greatly reduces the risk of accounts being misused, hijacked, or data compromised.
V-216088
medium
Passwords need to be changed at specific policy-based intervals; however, if the information system or application allows the user to immediately and continually change their password, then the password could be repeatedly changed in a short period of time, defeating the organization's policy regarding password reuse.
Solaris 11.4 introduced new password security features that allow for a more granular approach to password duration parameters. The introduction of MAXDAYS, MINDAYS, and WARNDAYS allow the /etc/default/passwd configuration file to enforce a minimum password lifetime of a single day.
Solaris 11.4 introduced new password security features that allow for a more granular approach to password duration parameters. The introduction of MAXDAYS, MINDAYS, and WARNDAYS allow the /etc/default/passwd configuration file to enforce a minimum password lifetime of a single day.
V-216089
medium
Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting guessing and brute-force attacks.
Password length is one factor of several that helps to determine strength and how long it takes to crack a password. The shorter the password is, the lower the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Use of more characters in a password helps to exponentially increase the time and/or resources required to compromise the password.
Password length is one factor of several that helps to determine strength and how long it takes to crack a password. The shorter the password is, the lower the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Use of more characters in a password helps to exponentially increase the time and/or resources required to compromise the password.
V-216090
medium
Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting guessing and brute-force attacks.
To meet password policy requirements, passwords need to be changed at specific policy-based intervals.
If the operating system allows the user to consecutively reuse their password when the password has exceeded its defined lifetime, the end result is a password that is not changed, per policy requirements.
To meet password policy requirements, passwords need to be changed at specific policy-based intervals.
If the operating system allows the user to consecutively reuse their password when the password has exceeded its defined lifetime, the end result is a password that is not changed, per policy requirements.
V-216091
medium
To ensure password changes are effective in their goals, the system must ensure old and new passwords have significant differences. Without significant changes, new passwords may be easily guessed based on the value of a previously compromised password.
V-216092
medium
Complex passwords can reduce the likelihood of success of automated password-guessing attacks.
V-216093
medium
Complex passwords can reduce the likelihood of success of automated password-guessing attacks.
V-216094
medium
Complex passwords can reduce the likelihood of success of automated password-guessing attacks.
V-216095
medium
Complex passwords can reduce the likelihood of success of automated password-guessing attacks.
V-216096
low
Complex passwords can reduce the likelihood of success of automated password-guessing attacks.
V-216097
medium
Complex passwords can reduce the likelihood of success of automated password-guessing attacks.
V-216098
medium
Cryptographic hashes provide quick password authentication while not actually storing the password.
V-216099
medium
Allowing continued access to accounts on the system exposes them to brute-force password-guessing attacks.
V-216100
medium
As an immediate return of an error message, coupled with the capability to try again, may facilitate automatic and rapid-fire brute-force password attacks by a malicious user.
V-216101
medium
Allowing access to a graphical environment when the user is not attending the system can allow unauthorized users access to the system.
V-216102
medium
Allowing access to a graphical environment when the user is not attending the system can allow unauthorized users access to the system.
V-216103
medium
The use of common words in passwords simplifies password-cracking attacks.
V-216105
medium
Allowing any user to elevate their privileges can allow them excessive control of the system tools.
V-216106
medium
Setting a very secure default value for umask ensures that users make a conscious choice about their file permissions.
V-216107
low
Setting a very secure default value for umask ensures that users make a conscious choice about their file permissions.
V-216108
low
The "mesg n" command blocks attempts to use the "write" or "talk" commands to contact users at their terminals, but has the side effect of slightly strengthening permissions on the user's TTY device.
V-216109
medium
Attackers that are able to exploit an inactive account can potentially obtain and maintain undetected access to an application. Owners of inactive accounts will not notice if unauthorized access to their user account has been obtained. Operating systems need to track periods of user inactivity and disable accounts after 35 days of inactivity. Such a process greatly reduces the risk that accounts will be hijacked, leading to a data compromise.
This policy does not apply to either emergency accounts or infrequently used accounts. Infrequently used accounts are local logon accounts used by system administrators when network or normal logon/access is not available. Emergency accounts are administrator accounts created in response to crisis situations.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000003, SRG-OS-000118
This policy does not apply to either emergency accounts or infrequently used accounts. Infrequently used accounts are local logon accounts used by system administrators when network or normal logon/access is not available. Emergency accounts are administrator accounts created in response to crisis situations.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000003, SRG-OS-000118
V-216112
medium
Login services should not be enabled on any serial ports that are not strictly required to support the mission of the system. This action can be safely performed even when console access is provided using a serial port.
V-216113
medium
If login by the user "nobody" is allowed for secure RPC, there is an increased risk of system compromise. If keyserv holds a private key for the "nobody" user, it will be used by key_encryptsession to compute a magic phrase which can be easily recovered by a malicious user.
V-216114
medium
As enabling X11 Forwarding on the host can permit a malicious user to secretly open another X11 connection to another remote client during the session and perform unobtrusive activities such as keystroke monitoring, if the X11 services are not required for the system's intended function, they should be disabled or restricted as appropriate to the user's needs.
V-216115
low
Setting the authentication login limit to a low value will disconnect the attacker and force a reconnect, which severely limits the speed of such brute-force attacks.
V-216116
medium
Setting this parameter forces users to enter a password when authenticating with SSH.
V-216117
medium
The system should not allow users to log in as the root user directly, as audited actions would be non-attributable to a specific user.
V-216118
high
Permitting login without a password is inherently risky.
V-216119
low
This requirement applies to both internal and external networks.
Terminating network connections associated with communications sessions means de-allocating associated TCP/IP address/port pairs at the operating system level.
The time period of inactivity may, as the organization deems necessary, be a set of time periods by type of network access or for specific accesses.
Terminating network connections associated with communications sessions means de-allocating associated TCP/IP address/port pairs at the operating system level.
The time period of inactivity may, as the organization deems necessary, be a set of time periods by type of network access or for specific accesses.
V-216120
medium
The use of .rhosts authentication is an insecure protocol and can be replaced with public-key authentication using Secure Shell. As automatic authentication settings in the .rhosts files can provide a malicious user with sensitive system credentials, the use of .rhosts files should be disabled.
V-216121
medium
FTP is an insecure protocol that transfers files and credentials in clear text, and can be replaced by using SFTP. However, if FTP is permitted for use in the environment, it is important to ensure that the default "system" accounts are not permitted to transfer files via FTP, especially the root role. Consider also adding the names of other privileged or shared accounts that may exist on the system such as user "oracle" and the account which the web server process runs under.
V-216122
high
As automatic logins are a known security risk for other than "kiosk" types of systems, GNOME automatic login should be disabled in pam.conf.
V-216123
medium
On many systems, only the system administrator needs the ability to schedule jobs.
Even though a given user is not listed in the "cron.allow" file, cron jobs can still be run as that user. The "cron.allow" file only controls administrative access to the "crontab" command for scheduling and modifying cron jobs. Much more effective access controls for the cron system can be obtained by using Role-Based Access Controls (RBAC).
Even though a given user is not listed in the "cron.allow" file, cron jobs can still be run as that user. The "cron.allow" file only controls administrative access to the "crontab" command for scheduling and modifying cron jobs. Much more effective access controls for the cron system can be obtained by using Role-Based Access Controls (RBAC).
V-216124
medium
Use an authorized mechanism such as RBAC and the "su" command to provide administrative access to unprivileged accounts. These mechanisms provide an audit trail in the event of problems.
V-216125
low
Users need to be aware of activity that occurs regarding their account. Providing users with information regarding the date and time of their last successful login allows the user to determine if any unauthorized activity has occurred and gives them an opportunity to notify administrators.
V-216126
medium
A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the system but does not want to log out because of the temporary nature of the absence.
Rather than be forced to wait for a period of time to expire before the user session can be locked, the operating system needs to provide users with the ability to manually invoke a session lock so users may secure their account should the need arise for them to temporarily vacate the immediate physical vicinity.
Rather than be forced to wait for a period of time to expire before the user session can be locked, the operating system needs to provide users with the ability to manually invoke a session lock so users may secure their account should the need arise for them to temporarily vacate the immediate physical vicinity.
V-216127
medium
A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the system but does not log out because of the temporary nature of the absence.
The session lock will also include an obfuscation of the display screen to prevent other users from reading what was previously displayed.
The session lock will also include an obfuscation of the display screen to prevent other users from reading what was previously displayed.
V-216128
high
If the password field is blank and the system does not enforce a policy that passwords are required, it could allow login without proper authentication of a user.
V-216129
medium
This control enhancement is implemented within the remote device (e.g., notebook/laptop computer) via configuration settings not configurable by the user of the device. An example of a non-remote communications path from a remote device is a virtual private network. When a non-remote connection is established using a virtual private network, the configuration settings prevent split-tunneling. Split-tunneling might otherwise be used by remote users to communicate with the information system as an extension of the system and to communicate with local resources, such as a printer or file server. The remote device, when connected by a non-remote connection, becomes an extension of the information system allowing dual communications paths, such as split-tunneling, in effect allowing unauthorized external connections into the system. This is a split-tunneling requirement that can be controlled via the operating system by disabling interfaces.
V-216130
low
Limiting the number of allowed users and sessions per user can limit risks related to denial of service attacks. The organization may define the maximum number of concurrent sessions for an information system account globally, by account type, by account, or by a combination thereof.
This requirement addresses concurrent sessions for a single information system account and does not address concurrent sessions by a single user via multiple accounts.
This requirement addresses concurrent sessions for a single information system account and does not address concurrent sessions by a single user via multiple accounts.
V-216131
low
This parameter must be disabled to reduce the risk of denial of service attacks.
V-216132
low
By accurately determining the system's clock state, an attacker can more effectively attack certain time-based pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs) and the authentication systems that rely on them.
V-216133
low
By accurately determining the system's clock state, an attacker can more effectively attack certain time-based pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs) and the authentication systems that rely on them.
V-216134
low
By determining the netmasks of various computers in your network, an attacker can better map your subnet structure and infer trust relationships.
V-216135
medium
ICMP echo requests can be useful for reconnaissance of systems and for denial of service attacks.
V-216136
low
Multicast echo requests can be useful for reconnaissance of systems and for denial of service attacks.
V-216137
low
Ignoring ICMP redirect messages reduces the likelihood of denial of service attacks.
V-216138
medium
These settings control whether a packet arriving on a non-forwarding interface can be accepted for an IP address that is not explicitly configured on that interface.
This rule is NA for documented systems that have interfaces that cross strict networking domains (for example, a firewall, a router, or a VPN node).
This rule is NA for documented systems that have interfaces that cross strict networking domains (for example, a firewall, a router, or a VPN node).
V-216139
low
A malicious user can exploit the ability of the system to send ICMP redirects by continually sending packets to the system, forcing the system to respond with ICMP redirect messages, resulting in an adverse impact on the CPU performance of the system.
V-216140
low
If enabled, reverse IP source routing would allow an attacker to more easily complete a three-way TCP handshake and spoof new connections.
V-216141
medium
This setting controls how many half-open connections can exist for a TCP port.
It is necessary to control the number of completed connections to the system to provide some protection against denial of service attacks.
It is necessary to control the number of completed connections to the system to provide some protection against denial of service attacks.
V-216142
low
This setting controls the maximum number of incoming connections that can be accepted on a TCP port limiting exposure to denial of service attacks.
V-216143
medium
The network routing daemon, in.routed, manages network routing tables. If enabled, it periodically supplies copies of the system's routing tables to any directly connected hosts and networks and picks up routes supplied to it from other networks and hosts.
Routing Internet Protocol (RIP) is a legacy protocol with a number of security weaknesses, including a lack of authentication, zoning, pruning, etc.
Routing Internet Protocol (RIP) is a legacy protocol with a number of security weaknesses, including a lack of authentication, zoning, pruning, etc.
V-216144
low
TCP Wrappers is a host-based access control system that allows administrators to control who has access to various network services based on the IP address of the remote end of the connection. TCP Wrappers also provides logging information via syslog about both successful and unsuccessful connections.
TCP Wrappers provides granular control over what services can be accessed over the network. Its logs show attempted access to services from non-authorized systems, which can help identify unauthorized access attempts.
TCP Wrappers provides granular control over what services can be accessed over the network. Its logs show attempted access to services from non-authorized systems, which can help identify unauthorized access attempts.
V-216150
medium
A firewall that relies on a deny all, permit by exception strategy requires all traffic to have explicit permission before traversing an interface on the host. The firewall must incorporate stateful packet filtering and logging.
Non-local maintenance and diagnostic communications often contain sensitive information and must be protected. The security of these remote accesses can be ensured by sending non-local maintenance and diagnostic communications through encrypted channels enforced via firewall configurations.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000074, SRG-OS-000096, SRG-OS-000112, SRG-OS-000113, SRG-OS-000125, SRG-OS-000250, SRG-OS-000393
Non-local maintenance and diagnostic communications often contain sensitive information and must be protected. The security of these remote accesses can be ensured by sending non-local maintenance and diagnostic communications through encrypted channels enforced via firewall configurations.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000074, SRG-OS-000096, SRG-OS-000112, SRG-OS-000113, SRG-OS-000125, SRG-OS-000250, SRG-OS-000393
V-216157
low
Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest that routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security measures.
V-216158
low
Warning messages inform users who are attempting to log in to the system of their legal status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns the system and any monitoring policies that are in place. As implementing a logon banner to deter inappropriate use can provide a foundation for legal action against abuse, this warning content should be set as appropriate.
V-216159
low
Warning messages inform users who are attempting to log in to the system of their legal status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns the system and any monitoring policies that are in place. As implementing a logon banner to deter inappropriate use can provide a foundation for legal action against abuse, this warning content should be set as appropriate.
V-216160
low
Warning messages inform users who are attempting to log in to the system of their legal status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns the system and any monitoring policies that are in place. As implementing a logon banner to deter inappropriate use can provide a foundation for legal action against abuse, this warning content should be set as appropriate.
V-216161
low
Warning messages inform users who are attempting to log in to the system of their legal status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns the system and any monitoring policies that are in place. As implementing a logon banner to deter inappropriate use can provide a foundation for legal action against abuse, this warning content should be set as appropriate.
V-216162
medium
Non-local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network.
The operating system needs to ensure all sessions and network connections are terminated when non-local maintenance is completed.
The operating system needs to ensure all sessions and network connections are terminated when non-local maintenance is completed.
V-216163
medium
Manipulation of IP addresses can allow untrusted systems to appear as trusted hosts, bypassing firewall and other security mechanism and resulting in system penetration.
V-216164
medium
The use of wireless networking can introduce many different attack vectors into the organization’s network. Common attack vectors such as malicious association and ad hoc networks will allow an attacker to spoof a wireless access point (AP), allowing validated systems to connect to the malicious AP and enabling the attacker to monitor and record network traffic. These malicious APs can also serve to create a man-in-the-middle attack or be used to create a denial-of-service to valid network resources.
V-216165
medium
Encryption is only as good as the encryption modules utilized. Unapproved cryptographic module algorithms cannot be verified, and cannot be relied upon to provide confidentiality or integrity, and DoD data may be compromised due to weak algorithms.
Applications utilizing encryption are required to use approved encryption modules meeting the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance.
FIPS 140-2 is the current standard for validating cryptographic modules, and NSA Type-X (where X=1, 2, 3, 4) products are NSA-certified hardware based encryption modules.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000120, SRG-OS-000169
Applications utilizing encryption are required to use approved encryption modules meeting the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance.
FIPS 140-2 is the current standard for validating cryptographic modules, and NSA Type-X (where X=1, 2, 3, 4) products are NSA-certified hardware based encryption modules.
Satisfies: SRG-OS-000120, SRG-OS-000169
V-216173
medium
Remote access is any access to an organizational information system by a user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network (e.g., the Internet). Examples of remote access methods include dial-up, broadband, and wireless.
Using cryptography ensures confidentiality of the remote access connections.
The system will attempt to use the first cipher presented by the client that matches the server list. Listing the values "strongest to weakest" is a method to ensure the use of the strongest cipher available to secure the SSH connection.
Note: SSH in Solaris 11.GA-11.3 used Sun Microsystem’s proprietary SUNWssh. In Solaris 11.3 OpenSSH was offered as optional software and in Solaris 11.4 OpenSSH is the only SSH offered. Both use the same /etc/ssh/sshd_config file and both, by default do not include the ciphers line.
Using cryptography ensures confidentiality of the remote access connections.
The system will attempt to use the first cipher presented by the client that matches the server list. Listing the values "strongest to weakest" is a method to ensure the use of the strongest cipher available to secure the SSH connection.
Note: SSH in Solaris 11.GA-11.3 used Sun Microsystem’s proprietary SUNWssh. In Solaris 11.3 OpenSSH was offered as optional software and in Solaris 11.4 OpenSSH is the only SSH offered. Both use the same /etc/ssh/sshd_config file and both, by default do not include the ciphers line.
V-216174
medium
When data is written to portable digital media, such as thumb drives, floppy diskettes, compact disks, and magnetic tape, etc., there is risk of data loss.
An organizational assessment of risk guides the selection of media and associated information contained on the media requiring restricted access.
Organizations need to document in policy and procedures the media requiring restricted access, individuals authorized to access the media, and the specific measures taken to restrict access. Fewer protection measures are needed for media containing information determined by the organization to be in the public domain, to be publicly releasable, or to have limited or no adverse impact if accessed by other than authorized personnel.
In these situations, it is assumed the physical access controls where the media resides provide adequate protection. The employment of cryptography is at the discretion of the information owner/steward.
When the organization has determined the risk warrants it, data written to portable digital media must be encrypted.
An organizational assessment of risk guides the selection of media and associated information contained on the media requiring restricted access.
Organizations need to document in policy and procedures the media requiring restricted access, individuals authorized to access the media, and the specific measures taken to restrict access. Fewer protection measures are needed for media containing information determined by the organization to be in the public domain, to be publicly releasable, or to have limited or no adverse impact if accessed by other than authorized personnel.
In these situations, it is assumed the physical access controls where the media resides provide adequate protection. The employment of cryptography is at the discretion of the information owner/steward.
When the organization has determined the risk warrants it, data written to portable digital media must be encrypted.
V-216176
low
When data is written to digital media, such as hard drives, mobile computers, external/removable hard drives, personal digital assistants, flash/thumb drives, etc., there is risk of data loss and data compromise.
An organizational assessment of risk guides the selection of media and associated information contained on the media requiring restricted access. Organizations need to document in policy and procedures the media requiring restricted access, individuals authorized to access the media, and the specific measures taken to restrict access.
Fewer protection measures are needed for media containing information determined by the organization to be in the public domain, to be publicly releasable, or to have limited or no adverse impact if accessed by other than authorized personnel. In these situations, it is assumed the physical access controls where the media resides provide adequate protection.
As part of a defense-in-depth strategy, the organization considers routinely encrypting information at rest on selected secondary storage devices. The employment of cryptography is at the discretion of the information owner/steward. The selection of the cryptographic mechanisms used is based upon maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the information.
An organizational assessment of risk guides the selection of media and associated information contained on the media requiring restricted access. Organizations need to document in policy and procedures the media requiring restricted access, individuals authorized to access the media, and the specific measures taken to restrict access.
Fewer protection measures are needed for media containing information determined by the organization to be in the public domain, to be publicly releasable, or to have limited or no adverse impact if accessed by other than authorized personnel. In these situations, it is assumed the physical access controls where the media resides provide adequate protection.
As part of a defense-in-depth strategy, the organization considers routinely encrypting information at rest on selected secondary storage devices. The employment of cryptography is at the discretion of the information owner/steward. The selection of the cryptographic mechanisms used is based upon maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the information.
V-216178
low
Protection of audit records and audit data is of critical importance. Cryptographic mechanisms are the industry established standard used to protect the integrity of audit data.
V-216180
medium
Files in directories that have had the "sticky bit" enabled can only be deleted by users that have both write permissions for the directory in which the file resides, as well as ownership of the file or directory, or have sufficient privileges. As this prevents users from overwriting each others' files, whether it be accidental or malicious, it is generally appropriate for most world-writable directories (e.g., /tmp).
V-216181
medium
Group-writable or world-writable user home directories may enable malicious users to steal or modify other users' data or to gain another user's system privileges.
V-216182
medium
Group-writable or world-writable user configuration files may enable malicious users to steal or modify other users' data or to gain another user's system privileges.
V-216183
medium
.netrc files may contain unencrypted passwords that can be used to attack other systems.
V-216184
high
Even though the .rhosts files are ineffective if support is disabled in /etc/pam.conf, they may have been brought over from other systems and could contain information useful to an attacker for those other systems.
V-216185
medium
Groups defined in passwd but not in group file pose a threat to system security since group permissions are not properly managed.
V-216186
low
All users must be assigned a home directory in the passwd file. Failure to have a home directory may result in the user being put in the root directory.
V-216187
low
If the user's home directory does not exist, the user will be placed in "/" and will not be able to write any files or have local environment variables set.
V-216188
medium
Since the user is accountable for files stored in the user's home directory, the user must be the owner of the directory.
V-216189
medium
Users within the organization must be assigned unique UIDs for accountability and to ensure appropriate access protections.
V-216190
medium
Non-organizational users must be assigned unique UIDs for accountability and to ensure appropriate access protections.
V-216191
medium
User groups must be assigned unique GIDs for accountability and to ensure appropriate access protections.
V-216192
medium
If a user is assigned a UID that is in the reserved range, even if it is not presently in use, security exposures can arise if a subsequently installed application uses the same UID.
V-216193
medium
If a user is assigned a duplicate user name, it will create and have access to files with the first UID for that username in passwd.
V-216194
medium
If a group is assigned a duplicate group name, it will create and have access to files with the first GID for that group in group. Effectively, the GID is shared, which is a security risk.
V-216195
medium
The .netrc file presents a significant security risk since it stores passwords in unencrypted form.
V-216196
medium
Use of the .forward file poses a security risk in that sensitive data may be inadvertently transferred outside the organization. The .forward file also poses a secondary risk as it can be used to execute commands that may perform unintended actions.
V-216197
medium
Data in world-writable files can be read, modified, and potentially compromised by any user on the system. World-writable files may also indicate an incorrectly written script or program that could potentially be the cause of a larger compromise to the system's integrity.
V-216198
low
There are valid reasons for SUID/SGID programs, but it is important to identify and review such programs to ensure they are legitimate.
V-216199
medium
A new user who is assigned a deleted user's user ID or group ID may then end up owning these files, and thus have more access on the system than was intended.
V-216200
low
Attackers or malicious users could hide information, exploits, etc. in extended attribute areas. Since extended attributes are rarely used, it is important to find files with extended attributes set and correct these attributes.
V-216201
medium
All accounts with a GID of 0 have root group privileges and must be limited to the group account only.
V-216202
low
Proper file permissions and ownership ensures that only designated personnel in the organization can access error messages.
V-216204
medium
Access Control Lists allow an object owner to expand permissions on an object to specific users and groups in addition to the standard permission model. Non-standard Access Control List settings can allow unauthorized users to modify critical files.
V-216205
high
An operating system release is considered supported if the vendor continues to provide security patches for the product. With an unsupported release, it will not be possible to resolve security issues discovered in the system software.
V-216206
medium
A common type of exploit is the stack buffer overflow. An application receives, from an attacker, more data than it is prepared for and stores this information on its stack, writing beyond the space reserved for it. This can be designed to cause execution of the data written on the stack. One mechanism to mitigate this vulnerability is for the system to not allow the execution of instructions in sections of memory identified as part of the stack.
V-216207
low
Modification of memory area can result in executable code vulnerabilities. ASLR can reduce the likelihood of these attacks. ASLR activates the randomization of key areas of the process such as stack, brk-based heap, memory mappings, and so forth.
V-216208
medium
Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Process core dump files can be of significant size and their use can result in file systems filling to capacity, which may result in denial of service. Process core dumps can be useful for software debugging.
V-216209
medium
Specifying a centralized location for core file creation allows for the centralized protection of core files. Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Any data the process was handling may be contained in the core file, and it must be protected accordingly. If process core dump creation is not configured to use a centralized directory, core dumps may be created in a directory that does not have appropriate ownership or permissions configured, which could result in unauthorized access to the core dumps.
V-216210
medium
Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Any data the process was handling may be contained in the core file, and it must be protected accordingly. If the centralized process core dump data directory is not owned by root, the core dumps contained in the directory may be subject to unauthorized access.
V-216211
medium
Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Any data the process was handling may be contained in the core file, and it must be protected accordingly. If the centralized process core dump data directory is not group-owned by a system group, the core dumps contained in the directory may be subject to unauthorized access.
V-216212
medium
Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Any data the process was handling may be contained in the core file, and it must be protected accordingly. If the process core dump data directory has a mode more permissive than 0700, unauthorized users may be able to view or to modify sensitive information contained in any process core dumps in the directory.
V-216213
medium
Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. Kernel core dumps may consume a considerable amount of disk space and may result in denial of service by exhausting the available space on the target file system. The kernel core dump process may increase the amount of time a system is unavailable due to a crash. Kernel core dumps can be useful for kernel debugging.
V-216214
medium
Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. As the system memory may contain sensitive information, it must be protected accordingly. If the kernel core dump data directory is not owned by root, the core dumps contained in the directory may be subject to unauthorized access.
V-216215
medium
Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. As the system memory may contain sensitive information, it must be protected accordingly. If the kernel core dump data directory is not group-owned by a system group, the core dumps contained in the directory may be subject to unauthorized access.
V-216216
medium
Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. As the system memory may contain sensitive information, it must be protected accordingly. If the mode of the kernel core dump data directory is more permissive than 0700, unauthorized users may be able to view or to modify kernel core dump data files.
V-216217
low
A system's BIOS or system controller handles the initial startup of a system and its configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification. When the BIOS or system controller supports the creation of user accounts or passwords, such protections must be used and accounts/passwords only assigned to system administrators. Failure to protect BIOS or system controller settings could result in denial of service or compromise of the system resulting from unauthorized configuration changes.
V-216218
low
The flexibility that GRUB provides creates a security risk if its configuration is modified by an unauthorized user. The failsafe menu entry needs to be secured in the same environments that require securing the systems firmware to avoid unauthorized removable media boots.
V-216219
medium
Recovery and reconstitution constitutes executing an operating system contingency plan comprised of activities to restore essential missions and business functions.
Transaction rollback and transaction journaling are examples of mechanisms supporting transaction recovery.
While this is typically a database function, operating systems could be transactional in nature with respect to file processing.
Transaction rollback and transaction journaling are examples of mechanisms supporting transaction recovery.
While this is typically a database function, operating systems could be transactional in nature with respect to file processing.
V-216220
high
Whether active or not, default SNMP passwords, users, and passphrases must be changed to maintain security. If the service is running with the default authenticators, then anyone can gather data about the system and the network and use the information to potentially compromise the integrity of the system or network(s).
V-216221
medium
A file integrity baseline is a collection of file metadata which is to evaluate the integrity of the system. A minimal baseline must contain metadata for all device files, setuid files, setgid files, system libraries, system binaries, and system configuration files. The minimal metadata must consist of the mode, owner, group owner, and modification times. For regular files, metadata must also include file size and a cryptographic hash of the file's contents.
V-216223
medium
Shared accounts (accounts where two or more people log in with the same user identification) do not provide identification and authentication. There is no way to provide for non-repudiation or individual accountability.
V-216224
low
Accounts providing no operational purpose provide additional opportunities for system compromise. Unnecessary accounts include user accounts for individuals not requiring access to the system and application accounts for applications not installed on the system.
V-216225
medium
Operating system backup is a critical step in maintaining data assurance and availability.
User-level information is data generated by information system and/or application users.
Backups shall be consistent with organizational recovery time and recovery point objectives.
User-level information is data generated by information system and/or application users.
Backups shall be consistent with organizational recovery time and recovery point objectives.
V-216226
medium
Operating system backup is a critical step in maintaining data assurance and availability.
System-level information is data generated for/by the host (such as configuration settings) and/or administrative users.
Backups shall be consistent with organizational recovery time and recovery point objectives.
System-level information is data generated for/by the host (such as configuration settings) and/or administrative users.
Backups shall be consistent with organizational recovery time and recovery point objectives.
V-216227
medium
Operating system backup is a critical step in maintaining data assurance and availability.
System documentation is data generated for/by the host (such as logs) and/or administrative users.
Backups shall be consistent with organizational recovery time and recovery point objectives.
System documentation is data generated for/by the host (such as logs) and/or administrative users.
Backups shall be consistent with organizational recovery time and recovery point objectives.
V-216228
medium
Decisions regarding the employment of mobile code within operating systems are based on the potential for the code to cause damage to the system if used maliciously.
Mobile code technologies include Java, JavaScript, ActiveX, PDF, Postscript, Shockwave movies, Flash animations, and VBScript. Usage restrictions and implementation guidance apply to both the selection and use of mobile code installed on organizational servers and mobile code downloaded and executed on individual workstations.
Mobile code technologies include Java, JavaScript, ActiveX, PDF, Postscript, Shockwave movies, Flash animations, and VBScript. Usage restrictions and implementation guidance apply to both the selection and use of mobile code installed on organizational servers and mobile code downloaded and executed on individual workstations.
V-216229
medium
Without the use of PKI systems to manage digital certificates, the operating system or other system components may be unable to securely communicate on a network or reliably verify the identity of a user via digital signatures.
V-216231
medium
In order to minimize potential negative impact to the organization caused by malicious code, it is imperative that malicious code is identified and eradicated prior to entering protected enclaves via operating system entry and exit points.
The requirement states that AV and malware protection applications must be used at entry and exit points. For the operating system, this means an anti-virus application must be installed on machines that are the entry and exit points.
The requirement states that AV and malware protection applications must be used at entry and exit points. For the operating system, this means an anti-virus application must be installed on machines that are the entry and exit points.
V-216232
medium
This requirement applies to email servers only.
In order to minimize potential negative impact to the organization caused by malicious code, it is imperative that malicious code is identified and eradicated prior to entering protected enclaves via operating system entry and exit points.
The requirement states that AV and malware protection applications must be used at entry and exit points. For the operating system, this means an anti-virus application must be installed on machines that are the entry and exit points.
In order to minimize potential negative impact to the organization caused by malicious code, it is imperative that malicious code is identified and eradicated prior to entering protected enclaves via operating system entry and exit points.
The requirement states that AV and malware protection applications must be used at entry and exit points. For the operating system, this means an anti-virus application must be installed on machines that are the entry and exit points.
V-216233
medium
Protection of log data includes assuring log data is not accidentally lost or deleted. Backing up audit records to a different system or onto separate media than the system being audited on an organizationally defined frequency helps to assure in the event of a catastrophic system failure, the audit records will be retained.
This helps to ensure a compromise of the information system being audited does not also result in a compromise of the audit records.
This requirement can be met by the operating system continuously sending records to a centralized logging server.
This helps to ensure a compromise of the information system being audited does not also result in a compromise of the audit records.
This requirement can be met by the operating system continuously sending records to a centralized logging server.
V-216234
low
Editing a system file with common tools such as vi, emacs, or gedit does not allow the auditing of changes made by an operator. This reduces the capability of determining which operator made security-relevant changes to the system.
V-216237
medium
In the case of denial of service attacks, care must be taken when designing the operating system so as to ensure that the operating system makes the best use of system resources.
V-216238
low
Incorrect ownership can result in unauthorized changes or theft of data.
V-216239
low
Solaris zones can be assigned privileges generally reserved for the global zone using the "limitpriv" zone option. Any privilege assignments in excess of the vendor defaults may provide the ability for a non-global zone to compromise the global zone.
V-216240
medium
Solaris non-global zones can be assigned physical hardware devices. This increases the risk of such a non-global zone having the capability to compromise the global zone.
V-216241
low
Tracking the specific Solaris zones in the audit trail reduces the time required to determine the cause of a security event.
V-216242
low
Centralized auditing simplifies the investigative process to determine the cause of a security event.
V-216243
medium
Mobile devices include portable storage media (e.g., USB memory sticks, external hard disk drives) and portable computing and communications devices with information storage capability (e.g., notebook/laptop computers, personal digital assistants, cellular telephones, digital cameras, audio recording devices).
Organization-controlled mobile devices include those devices for which the organization has the authority to specify and the ability to enforce specific security requirements.
Usage restrictions and implementation guidance related to mobile devices include configuration management, device identification and authentication, implementation of mandatory protective software (e.g., malicious code detection, firewall), scanning devices for malicious code, updating virus protection software, scanning for critical software updates and patches, conducting primary operating system (and possibly other resident software) integrity checks, and disabling unnecessary hardware (e.g., wireless, infrared).
In order to detect unauthorized mobile device connections, organizations must first identify and document what mobile devices are authorized.
Organization-controlled mobile devices include those devices for which the organization has the authority to specify and the ability to enforce specific security requirements.
Usage restrictions and implementation guidance related to mobile devices include configuration management, device identification and authentication, implementation of mandatory protective software (e.g., malicious code detection, firewall), scanning devices for malicious code, updating virus protection software, scanning for critical software updates and patches, conducting primary operating system (and possibly other resident software) integrity checks, and disabling unnecessary hardware (e.g., wireless, infrared).
In order to detect unauthorized mobile device connections, organizations must first identify and document what mobile devices are authorized.
V-219988
medium
Using the audit system will utilize the audit reduction capability. Without an audit reduction capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
V-219989
medium
Enabling the audit system will produce records for use in report generation. Without an audit reporting capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
V-219990
medium
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
Without accurate time stamps, source, user, and activity information, malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
Without an audit reduction and reporting capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
Without accurate time stamps, source, user, and activity information, malicious activity cannot be accurately tracked.
Without an audit reduction and reporting capability, users find it difficult to identify specific patterns of attack.
V-219991
medium
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
V-219992
medium
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked, and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.
V-219993
medium
Filling the audit storage area can result in a denial of service or system outage and can lead to events going undetected.
V-219994
high
Proper alerts to system administrators and Information Assurance (IA) officials of audit failures ensure a timely response to critical system issues.
V-219995
medium
Proper audit storage capacity is crucial to ensuring the ongoing logging of critical events.
V-219996
high
Overflowing the audit storage area can result in a denial of service or system outage.
V-219997
medium
Digitally signed packages ensure that the source of the package can be identified.
V-219998
medium
Addition of unauthorized code or packages may result in data corruption or theft.
V-219999
medium
Operating systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Execution must be disabled based on organization-defined specifications.
V-220000
medium
Mobile devices include portable storage media (e.g., USB memory sticks, external hard disk drives) and portable computing and communications devices with information storage capability (e.g., notebook/laptop computers, personal digital assistants, cellular telephones, digital cameras, audio recording devices).
Auto execution vulnerabilities can result in malicious programs being automatically executed. Examples of information system functionality providing the capability for automatic execution of code are Auto Run and Auto Play. Auto Run and Auto Play are components of the Microsoft Windows operating system that dictate what actions the system takes when a drive is mounted. This requirement is designed to address vulnerabilities that arise when mobile devices such as USB memory sticks or other mobile storage devices are automatically mounted and applications are automatically invoked without user knowledge or acceptance.
Auto execution vulnerabilities can result in malicious programs being automatically executed. Examples of information system functionality providing the capability for automatic execution of code are Auto Run and Auto Play. Auto Run and Auto Play are components of the Microsoft Windows operating system that dictate what actions the system takes when a drive is mounted. This requirement is designed to address vulnerabilities that arise when mobile devices such as USB memory sticks or other mobile storage devices are automatically mounted and applications are automatically invoked without user knowledge or acceptance.
V-220001
medium
Allowing any user to elevate their privileges can allow them excessive control of the system tools.
V-220003
medium
FIPS 140-2 is the current standard for validating cryptographic modules, and NSA Type-X (where X=1, 2, 3, 4) products are NSA-certified hardware based encryption modules.
V-220004
medium
Ensuring the integrity of transmitted information requires the operating system take feasible measures to employ transmission layer security. This requirement applies to communications across internal and external networks.
V-220005
medium
Ensuring that transmitted information is not altered during transmission requires the operating system take feasible measures to employ transmission layer security. This requirement applies to communications across internal and external networks.
V-220006
medium
Ensuring the integrity of transmitted information requires the operating system take feasible measures to employ transmission layer security. This requirement applies to communications across internal and external networks.
V-220007
medium
Ensuring the confidentiality of transmitted information requires the operating system take feasible measures to employ transmission layer security. This requirement applies to communications across internal and external networks.
V-220008
medium
Ensuring that transmitted information does not become disclosed to unauthorized entities requires the operating system take feasible measures to employ transmission layer security. This requirement applies to communications across internal and external networks.
V-220009
medium
Ensuring that transmitted information remains confidential during aggregation, packaging, and transformation requires the operating system take feasible measures to employ transmission layer security. This requirement applies to communications across internal and external networks.
V-220010
low
When data is written to digital media, such as hard drives, mobile computers, external/removable hard drives, personal digital assistants, flash/thumb drives, etc., there is risk of data loss and data compromise.
An organizational assessment of risk guides the selection of media and associated information contained on the media requiring restricted access. Organizations need to document in policy and procedures the media requiring restricted access, individuals authorized to access the media, and the specific measures taken to restrict access.
Fewer protection measures are needed for media containing information determined by the organization to be in the public domain, to be publicly releasable, or to have limited or no adverse impact if accessed by other than authorized personnel. In these situations, it is assumed the physical access controls where the media resides provide adequate protection.
As part of a defense-in-depth strategy, the organization considers routinely encrypting information at rest on selected secondary storage devices. The employment of cryptography is at the discretion of the information owner/steward. The selection of the cryptographic mechanisms used is based upon maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the information.
An organizational assessment of risk guides the selection of media and associated information contained on the media requiring restricted access. Organizations need to document in policy and procedures the media requiring restricted access, individuals authorized to access the media, and the specific measures taken to restrict access.
Fewer protection measures are needed for media containing information determined by the organization to be in the public domain, to be publicly releasable, or to have limited or no adverse impact if accessed by other than authorized personnel. In these situations, it is assumed the physical access controls where the media resides provide adequate protection.
As part of a defense-in-depth strategy, the organization considers routinely encrypting information at rest on selected secondary storage devices. The employment of cryptography is at the discretion of the information owner/steward. The selection of the cryptographic mechanisms used is based upon maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the information.
V-220011
low
When data is written to digital media, such as hard drives, mobile computers, external/removable hard drives, personal digital assistants, flash/thumb drives, etc., there is risk of data loss and data compromise.
An organizational assessment of risk guides the selection of media and associated information contained on the media requiring restricted access. Organizations need to document in policy and procedures the media requiring restricted access, individuals authorized to access the media, and the specific measures taken to restrict access.
Fewer protection measures are needed for media containing information determined by the organization to be in the public domain, to be publicly releasable, or to have limited or no adverse impact if accessed by other than authorized personnel. In these situations, it is assumed the physical access controls where the media resides provide adequate protection.
As part of a defense-in-depth strategy, the organization considers routinely encrypting information at rest on selected secondary storage devices. The employment of cryptography is at the discretion of the information owner/steward. The selection of the cryptographic mechanisms used is based upon maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the information.
An organizational assessment of risk guides the selection of media and associated information contained on the media requiring restricted access. Organizations need to document in policy and procedures the media requiring restricted access, individuals authorized to access the media, and the specific measures taken to restrict access.
Fewer protection measures are needed for media containing information determined by the organization to be in the public domain, to be publicly releasable, or to have limited or no adverse impact if accessed by other than authorized personnel. In these situations, it is assumed the physical access controls where the media resides provide adequate protection.
As part of a defense-in-depth strategy, the organization considers routinely encrypting information at rest on selected secondary storage devices. The employment of cryptography is at the discretion of the information owner/steward. The selection of the cryptographic mechanisms used is based upon maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the information.
V-220012
medium
Ensuring the integrity of transmitted information requires the operating system take feasible measures to employ transmission layer security. This requirement applies to communications across internal and external networks.
V-220013
medium
Protection of audit records and audit data is of critical importance. Care must be taken to ensure privileged users cannot circumvent audit protections put in place. Auditing might not be reliable when performed by an operating system which the user being audited has privileged access to. The privileged user could inhibit auditing or directly modify audit records. To prevent this from occurring, privileged access shall be further defined between audit-related privileges and other privileges, thus limiting the users with audit-related privileges.
V-220014
medium
To assure the accuracy of the system clock, it must be synchronized with an authoritative time source within DoD. Many system functions, including time-based login and activity restrictions, automated reports, system logs, and audit records depend on an accurate system clock. If there is no confidence in the correctness of the system clock, time-based functions may not operate as intended and records may be of diminished value.
V-220015
medium
Security functional testing involves testing the operating system for conformance to the operating system security function specifications, as well as for the underlying security model. The need to verify security functionality applies to all security functions. The conformance criteria state the conditions necessary for the operating system to exhibit the desired security behavior or satisfy a security property. For example, successful login triggers an audit entry.
V-224672
medium
In order to minimize potential negative impact to the organization caused by malicious code, it is imperative that malicious code is identified and eradicated prior to entering protected enclaves via operating system entry and exit points.
The requirement states that AV and malware protection applications must be used at entry and exit points. For the operating system, this means an anti-virus application must be installed on machines that are the entry and exit points.
The requirement states that AV and malware protection applications must be used at entry and exit points. For the operating system, this means an anti-virus application must be installed on machines that are the entry and exit points.
V-224673
medium
Security functional testing involves testing the operating system for conformance to the operating system security function specifications, as well as for the underlying security model. The need to verify security functionality applies to all security functions. The conformance criteria state the conditions necessary for the operating system to exhibit the desired security behavior or satisfy a security property. For example, successful login triggers an audit entry.
V-233301
medium
As enabling X11 Forwarding on the host can permit a malicious user to secretly open another X11 connection to another remote client during the session and perform unobtrusive activities such as keystroke monitoring, if the X11 services are not required for the system's intended function, they should be disabled or restricted as appropriate to the user's needs.
By default, sshd binds the forwarding server to the loopback address and sets the hostname part of the DISPLAY environment variable to "localhost". This prevents remote hosts from connecting to the proxy display.
By default, sshd binds the forwarding server to the loopback address and sets the hostname part of the DISPLAY environment variable to "localhost". This prevents remote hosts from connecting to the proxy display.